See cruden on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for cruden meaning in All languages combined (4.5kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "crude",
"3": "en",
"id2": "inchoative"
},
"expansion": "crude + -en",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From crude + -en.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "crudens",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "crudening",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "crudened",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "crudened",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cruden (third-person singular simple present crudens, present participle crudening, simple past and past participle crudened)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -en (inchoative)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "crudening"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1978, Malcolm Pasley, Nietzsche: Imagery and Thought : a Collection of Essays, page 175",
"text": "We saw how the interconnectedness of primitive impulse and cultural splendour was less forcefully, indeed almost obscurely, expressed through a scholarly excursus which could hardly compete in impact with the 'magnificent blond beast lustfully prowling after booty and victory'; and we saw how the 'blond beast' image was itself crudened, from meaning a psychological factor in man to meaning primitive man in general.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1989, Andrew Rutherford, The Literature of War: Studies in Heroic Virtue",
"text": "In passing from 'A Conference of the Powers' to Stalky, then, we see how genuine experience and observations can be crudened and distorted by their conversion or partial conversion into propagandist fable—a process all too frequent in Kipling's art.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2014, Peter Green, Final Exam, page 3",
"text": "The view with the left should theoretically have been more extensive, that eye having greater altitude at the time, owing to the angle of repose of my head; but although that view gave a middle-ground of pale belly beyond the pubis, the breasts now didn't have the clarity of outline and the subtlety of texture of the previous survey: myopia gave just sufficient blur, after eighteen inches or so, to (ha!) cruden the edge and surface.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make crude"
],
"id": "en-cruden-en-verb-hbJ38z4f",
"links": [
[
"crude",
"crude"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To make crude"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"word": "cruden"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "kruien"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: kruien",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: kruien"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "kruie",
"3": "krui"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: kruie, krui",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: kruie, krui"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*crūdan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *crūdan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*krūdaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *krūdaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Dutch *crūdan, from Proto-Germanic *krūdaną.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "verb",
"head": "",
"head2": ""
},
"expansion": "cruden",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cruden",
"name": "dum-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to push, to press"
],
"id": "en-cruden-dum-verb-ijwsByDE",
"links": [
[
"push",
"push"
],
[
"press",
"press"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "28 72",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to push forward"
],
"id": "en-cruden-dum-verb-jWNDeBNz",
"links": [
[
"push",
"push"
],
[
"forward",
"forward"
]
]
}
],
"word": "cruden"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "cruden",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "crouden"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of crouden"
],
"id": "en-cruden-enm-verb-mwAnzVhL",
"links": [
[
"crouden",
"crouden#Middle English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "cruden"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "crudening"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "crude",
"3": "en",
"id2": "inchoative"
},
"expansion": "crude + -en",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From crude + -en.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "crudens",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "crudening",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "crudened",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "crudened",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cruden (third-person singular simple present crudens, present participle crudening, simple past and past participle crudened)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms suffixed with -en (inchoative)",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs",
"English verbs",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1978, Malcolm Pasley, Nietzsche: Imagery and Thought : a Collection of Essays, page 175",
"text": "We saw how the interconnectedness of primitive impulse and cultural splendour was less forcefully, indeed almost obscurely, expressed through a scholarly excursus which could hardly compete in impact with the 'magnificent blond beast lustfully prowling after booty and victory'; and we saw how the 'blond beast' image was itself crudened, from meaning a psychological factor in man to meaning primitive man in general.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1989, Andrew Rutherford, The Literature of War: Studies in Heroic Virtue",
"text": "In passing from 'A Conference of the Powers' to Stalky, then, we see how genuine experience and observations can be crudened and distorted by their conversion or partial conversion into propagandist fable—a process all too frequent in Kipling's art.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2014, Peter Green, Final Exam, page 3",
"text": "The view with the left should theoretically have been more extensive, that eye having greater altitude at the time, owing to the angle of repose of my head; but although that view gave a middle-ground of pale belly beyond the pubis, the breasts now didn't have the clarity of outline and the subtlety of texture of the previous survey: myopia gave just sufficient blur, after eighteen inches or so, to (ha!) cruden the edge and surface.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make crude"
],
"links": [
[
"crude",
"crude"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To make crude"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"word": "cruden"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle Dutch lemmas",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle Dutch verbs",
"Middle Dutch weak verbs"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "kruien"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: kruien",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: kruien"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "kruie",
"3": "krui"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: kruie, krui",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: kruie, krui"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*crūdan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *crūdan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*krūdaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *krūdaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Dutch *crūdan, from Proto-Germanic *krūdaną.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "verb",
"head": "",
"head2": ""
},
"expansion": "cruden",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cruden",
"name": "dum-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to push, to press"
],
"links": [
[
"push",
"push"
],
[
"press",
"press"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to push forward"
],
"links": [
[
"push",
"push"
],
[
"forward",
"forward"
]
]
}
],
"word": "cruden"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "cruden",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "crouden"
}
],
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of crouden"
],
"links": [
[
"crouden",
"crouden#Middle English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "cruden"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.